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Abstract
Aktual dastur mavzusi haqida. So‘nggi yillarda siydik-tosh kasalligi (urolitiaz) dunyo bo‘yicha keng tarqalgan urologik patologiyalardan biri bo‘lib, aholining 5–12 foizigacha bo‘lgan qismini qamrab oladi. Kasallikning eng ko‘p uchraydigan klinik ko‘rinishlaridan biri — siydik yo’li toshlari bo‘lib, ular o‘tkir og‘riq sindromi, siydik oqimining buzilishi va infeksion asoratlar bilan kechadi. Zamonaviy urologiyada ushbu patologiyani davolashda endoskopik usullar, xususan ureteroskopik litotripsiya (URSL) va retrograd intrarenal jarrohlik (RIRS) keng qo‘llanilmoqda.
Endoskopik davolash usullari minimal invazivligi, qisqa reabilitatsiya davri va yuqori samaradorligi bilan ajralib turadi. Shunga qaramasdan, amaliyot davomida va undan keyin turli darajadagi asoratlar — ureter shilliq qavatining shikastlanishi, perforatsiya, gеmaturiya, infeksion jarayonlar, ureter strikturalari hamda urosepsis kabi jiddiy holatlar kuzatilishi mumkin. Adabiyotlar ma’lumotiga ko‘ra, endoskopik tosh maydalashdan keyingi asoratlar chastotasi 5–20 foizgacha yetadi, og‘ir (Clavien–Dindo III–IV) darajadagi asoratlar esa 1–3 foiz hollarda uchraydi. Bu esa operatsiya xavfsizligini oshirish va asoratlarning oldini olishga qaratilgan aniq algoritmlar ishlab chiqishni dolzarb masalaga aylantiradi.
Tadqiqot maqsadi: Ureteral toshlarini endoskopik davolashda yuzaga keladigan asoratlarni kamaytirish maqsadida profilaktik chora-tadbirlar majmuasini ishlab chiqish va ularning klinik samaradorligini baholash..
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