Abstract
Annotatsiya: Maqolada umumta'lim maktablarida dasturlash tillarini o'qitishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari tahlil qilingan. Zamonaviy ta'lim tizimida dasturlash kompetensiyalarini shakllantirish zaruriyati, turli dasturlash tillarining o'quv jarayoniga tatbiqi va ularning pedagogik samaradorligi o'rganilgan. Tadqiqot davomida o'quvchilarning yosh xususiyatlari, kognitiv rivojlanish bosqichlari va dasturlash tillarining didaktik imkoniyatlari o'rtasidagi bog'liqlik ko'rsatilgan. Maqolada Python, JavaScript, Scratch va boshqa dasturlash tillarining maktab ta'limida qo'llanilishi, ularning afzalliklari va cheklovlari taqqoslanadi. Shuningdek, dasturlash ta'limini tashkil etishning innovatsion usullari, loyiha asosidagi ta'lim texnologiyalari va o'quvchilarning algoritmik tafakkurini rivojlantirish metodikasi yoritilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatdiki, to'g'ri tanlangan dasturlash tili va samarali metodika o'quvchilarning mantiqiy fikrlash qobiliyatini, muammolarni hal qilish ko'nikmalarini va raqamli savodxonligini sezilarli darajada oshiradi.References
1. Papert S. Mindstorms: Children, Computers, and Powerful Ideas. Basic Books, New York, 1980. 252 p.
2. Brennan K., Resnick M. New frameworks for studying and assessing the development of computational thinking. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Vancouver, Canada, 2012. pp. 1-25.
3. Wing J.M. Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 2006, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 33-35.
4. Grover S., Pea R. Computational thinking in K-12: A review of the state of the field. Educational Researcher, 2013, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 38-43.
5. Resnick M., Maloney J., Monroy-Hernández A., Rusk N., Eastmond E., Brennan K., Millner A., Rosenbaum E., Silver J., Silverman B., Kafai Y. Scratch: Programming for all. Communications of the ACM, 2009, vol. 52, no. 11, pp. 60-67.
6. Guzdial M. Exploring hypotheses about media computation. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual International ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research, 2013, pp. 19-26.
7. Kafai Y.B., Burke Q. Connected Code: Why Children Need to Learn Programming. MIT Press, Cambridge, 2014. 184 p.
8. Lye S.Y., Koh J.H.L. Review on teaching and learning of computational thinking through programming: What is next for K-12? Computers in Human Behavior, 2014, vol. 41, pp. 51-61.
9. Angeli C., Giannakos M. Computational thinking education: Issues and challenges. Computers in Human Behavior, 2020, vol. 105, 106185.
10. Sentance S., Waite J., Kallia M. Teaching computer programming with PRIMM: A sociocultural perspective. Computer Science Education, 2019, vol. 29, no. 2-3, pp. 136-176.